High levels of lipin 1 gene (LPIN1) expression are associated with low body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, triglycerides, and leptin in Chinese women, report researchers.

However, none of seven LPIN1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were significantly associated with Type 2 diabetes.

LPIN1 deficiency results in loss of body fat, fatty liver, hypertriglyceridemia, and severe insulin resistance in mice, and is thought to play a critical role in adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism in humans, explain Lee-Ming Chuang (National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei) and colleagues.

The researchers first measured levels of LPIN1 messenger (m)RNA present in abdominal visceral tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) taken from 102 non-diabetic Chinese women undergoing surgery.

They found that in VAT LPIN1 mRNA levels negatively correlated with BMI, body fat percentage, plasma triglycerides, and plasma leptin levels. In VAT and SAT, LPIN1 mRNA levels also positively correlated with levels of PPARG (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene) and ADIPOQ (adiponectin gene) mRNA.

The researchers then genotyped a second cohort consisting of 760 individuals with Type 2 diabetes and 760 controls without Type 2 diabetes for seven LPIN1 SNPs (rs893349, rs4669778, rs11676086, rs10169802, rs7595221, rs6708316, and rs2577256).

They also haplotyped the participants for four combined haplotypes (ATTTG,GCCCA,GCTTG, and ATCCG) derived from the SNP genotypes.

The team found that no single SNP was associated with Type 2 diabetes in the study population, but one rare haplotype (ATCCG) increased the odds for having Type 2 diabetes 4.35-fold compared with other haplotypes.

“We found that VAT LPIN1 gene expression was associated with lower adiposity and favorable metabolic profiles in the Chinese population,” conclude Chuang et al in the journal Obesity.

“However, the LPIN1 gene seemed not to be a major susceptibility gene for Type 2 diabetes or related metabolic phenotypes in the Chinese population,” they add.

“Further confirmatory study is needed to clarify the role of LPIN1 genetic variation in systemic glucose and lipid metabolism.”

MedWire (www.medwire-news.md) is an independent clinical news service provided by Current Medicine Group, a part of Springer Science+Business Media. © Current Medicine Group Ltd; 2009

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