Know Yourself

The most important consideration to keep in mind is your own weight, target blood sugar level, drug regimen such as insulin shots and blood sugar lowering agents and the presence or absence of other diseases. What’s more, take into account your personal tastes and lifestyle needs.

Knowing Your Food Groups

Before creating an effective diabetic diet plan, you should know the fundamentals about food. Foods basically fall into four categories:

1. Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy. Starches like bread, rice and cereals, fruits and vegetables, sweet drinks and snack foods such as sodas potato chips.First of all, identify and focus on the healthy sources of carbohydrates such as whole wheat bread as opposed to white bread. The second step is where carbohydrate counting comes in. The amount you need from this group depends on your target blood sugar level. A 45%-60% of carbohydrates of your daily calories is an acceptable amount although it may vary for different individuals.

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2. Fats: Contrary to popular belief, fats are needed by the body too provided they are in the right amount. Keep your fat intake within 20%-35% of your daily calories. Look out for saturated and trans fats and limit the intake of the former to no more than 7% of your daily calories and as much as possible avoid the latter completely. Choose omega 3 fatty acids rich foods sush as salmon and mackerel, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats such as olive oil for cooking your meals.

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3. Proteins: These are needed by the body primarily for tissue repair and muscle growth. But proteins are broken down into glucose too in a process known as gluconeogenesis to provide energy. Hence, it can trigger high sugar levels too. A modest 15%-20% protein of your daily calorie intake is a reasonable range.

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4. Fibers: These are usually found in fruits and vegetables. They should compose a larger part of your meal because they give the body the sense of being full and thus, curb your overeating tendencies. A 25-30g of fiber each day is good for you.

Keep in mind that 1 g of carbohydrate and 1g of protein provides 4 kilocalories each. 1g of fat is equivalent to 9 kilocalories.

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Use Food Exchange Lists

This information provides the diabetic patient the power to choose food from an approved list of food categories in order to cater, to a certain extent, to her own personal preferences. With it, the diabetic can substitute a certain food for another one belonging to the same food group. It provides approximately the same amount of the necessary nutrients and has a similar effect on the blood sugar levels. As a result, the target blood sugar level remains predictable and more importantly, still attainable.

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• Never Forget How to Deal Properly With Your Diabetes

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