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Posted by admin in Prescription Diabetes Drugs on September 28th, 2009
Revisiting a cohort from a national Filipino study population after 9 years reveals rapidly rising levels of Type 2 diabetes, researchers report.
Type 2 diabetes is a growing epidemic in the Philippines, but there are no existing data on the incidence of this disease in the region.
In 2007, Maria Luz Soria (University of the Philippines, Manila) and co-workers followed-up individuals from six of 13 regions of the country (47% of the national study population) who participated in the 1998 Food and Nutrition Research Institute 5th National Nutrition Survey to determine the 9-year incidence of Type 2 diabetes, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
The cohort consisted of 1749 respondents out of the previous 2122 participants from the 1998 study. Of these, 1386 consented to a fasting blood glucose (FBG) test using whole blood capillary samples, and 1275 completed a 2-hour post-glucose load determination.
Type 2 diabetes was defined according to 1999 World Health Organization criteria using whole blood capillary glucose as levels of at least 110 mg/dl based on FBG, and as levels of at least 200 mg/dl based on 2-hour post-glucose load.
Comparing the 1998 and 2007 data, the authors noted a significant increase in FBG from 91.5 mg/dl to 103.3 mg/dl, and a 3-cm increase in waist circumference.
Fasting and post-load glucose levels identify patients with prediabetes using different criteria. Of the 1275 respondents who consented to both measures of glucose abnormality, the prevalence of pre-diabetes was 31.3%. When FBG alone was used, the authors detected 17.5% with pre-diabetes.
An additional 13.8% were detected if 2-hour post-glucose load was included in the diabetes screening, leading the authors to recommend the use of this measure in addition to FBG in population-based surveys, community screening programs, and clinical practice.
The 9-year incidence of Type 2 diabetes was 16.3%. Prevalence rates for Type 2 diabetes, IFG, and IGT were 28.0%, 17.5%, and 23.9%, respectively, although the authors acknowledge that comparing data from two points in time, instead of continuous follow-up of the cohort throughout the 9 years, may lead to overestimates of morbidity.
“We observed an alarming growth of diabetes, IFG, and IGT in a relatively short interval that warrants early aggressive intervention for prevention and management,” conclude the authors in the journal Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.
MedWire (www.medwire-news.md) is an independent clinical news service provided by Current Medicine Group, a part of Springer Science+Business Media. © Current Medicine Group Ltd; 2009
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