Diabetes is a serious disease that occurs due to lack of insulin in body. The insulin is hormone that helps in extracting glucose from blood, thereby providing energy to body. If this function does not take place due to some reason, resulting disease is termed as diabetes. It is more prevalent among obese and middle aged population. Diabetes is a serious ailment that makes human body susceptible to other diseases. Treatment for diabetes is available. However, it is very crucial to identify the type of diabetes the patient is suffering from. Medication for one type is ineffective and could even be harmful to other types. Hence, it is important to know about major forms of diabetes. Mainly there are mainly three types of diabetes. Let us seek more information about them.

a. Type 1

This is also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin dependent diabetes. In this case there is no production of insulin inside the patient’s body. In a normal person insulin is produced by beta cells present inside pancreas. But in Type 1 diabetes, these beta cells are destroyed and result in failure of insulin release. To treat such patients, insulin shots and other medication is given to add insulin into patient’s body. This occurs mostly in children and comprises 5-10 % cases of diabetes. The beta cells are destroyed by body’s own immunity system or environmental exposures.

b. Type 2

In this case the body does not respond to insulin released by beta cells in pancreas. It could be due to the insufficient low production or underutilization of insulin. It is called insulin independent type as well and occurs mostly in overweight adults. The blood pressure and cholesterol levels are also higher in patient suffering from this type of diabetes. To cure this, exercise and controlled dieting are advised initially.

c. Gestational Diabetes

This form occurs in women at time of pregnancy. It resembles Type 2 where body does not know how to use insulin. This type of diabetes gets cured on itself after childbirth. There are chances of Type 2 diabetes occurring in females in future and the child may also develop diabetes.

There is one more type of diabetes. Earlier it used to be considered as Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes. But now it has been named as a separate form of diabetes. It is called Type 1.5 diabetes. It is a combination of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. It is called latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. It has features of both types of diabetes including underutilization of insulin and destruction of beta cells.

Now we are armed with better knowledge about diabetes and its types. It is possible to live a normal life with diabetes provided we take proper medication and precautions. Best caution is to eat healthy and exercise a lot.

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