Glucose: a kind of sugar that travels through the bloodstream; the main source of energy used by all human and animal cells. It enters your body every time you eat some food with carbohydrates.

Glucose regulated by two things: insulin and glucagon. Insulin is produced by the pancreas: it is a hormone which is released into your bloodstream every time there is detected a rise in glucose levels.

Normal blood glucose levels fall anywhere between 70 and 150mg. Such levels are usually lower in the early hours of the day; and they rise after a meal. A person who consistently has their blood sugar levels higher than 150, suffers from hyperglycemia. Conversely, anyone who shows a level that is below 70 suffers from low sugar, or hypoglycemia. Potentially fatal, hypoglycemia has symptoms that include lethargy, impaired mental functioning, irritability and unconsciousness. Persistent hyperglycemia can and does result in a condition of diabetes mellitus; the most common disease linked to sugar registration failure. And diabetes itself can manifest damages to one’s eyes, kidneys and nerves. This is why keeping normal blood glucose levels is essential!

Blood glucose tests continue to be used to measure the level of glucose in one’s bloodstream; for the purpose of checking for diabetes, monitoring the treatment of someone’s diabetes, or checking for a condition of hypoglycemia. And there is no single kind of glucose test. With the “fasting blood sugar” test, glucose levels are examined after an eight-hour fast (this test is usually the first one performed when checking for a condition of diabetes in someone). The levels of sugar in blood are considered normal if between 70 and 99. Then there is the “two-hour postprandial blood sugar” test: this measures glucose two hours after a meal.

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