When self-monitoring of blood sugar levels was first introduced, health care practitioners believed glucometers would be useful to educate people with type 2 diabetes. How? Well they thought by type 2 diabetics checking their sugar levels after eating carbohydrate foods, or exercising, they would learn “a good pattern of behavior”. However, many studies have found this did not happen.

There appears to be a lot of controversy as to whether diabetics who self-monitor actually see an improvement in their glycemic control. Apparently many people check their levels three or four times a day but then make no changes in their eating plan when their results are abnormal. Many studies investigating the value of self monitoring of blood sugars in diabetics whose levels are controlled by diet or oral medications, have not shown that this testing leads to improved diabetic control.

As type 1 and type diabetes is a condition where the main problem is elevated blood sugar levels, it seems there is value in being able to measure your blood sugars and discover how it is best kept under control. One good reason to know your sugar level is under control is this: the connection between high blood sugar levels and those diabetic complications!

Research shows neuropathy appears to come about when your blood sugars remain over 140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/l) for two hours or more… this is when you are at the pre-diabetic stage. Actually many type 2 diabetics at the time of diagnosis have detectable neuropathy… this is due to the fact most diabetics have had elevated blood sugars for ten years prior to diagnosis. The blood glucose reading to confirm a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l).

What is your self monitored blood sugar target?

Many diabetics have the following target but check with your health care practitioner and discuss the best levels for you. Sometimes targets change as you mature or complications develop.

• fasting BSL or pre-meal… between 90 and 130 mg/dl (5 and 7.2 mmol/l)
• one or two hours following your meal… less than 180 mg/dl (10 mmol/l)
• before going to bed… between 110 and 150 mg/dl (6.1 and 8.3 mmol/l)

Self monitoring gives you the ability to make choices about the foods you eat, and which physical exercise you should participate in to help lower your blood sugar levels. Always write your results in a logbook along with details of what you were doing at the time, for example swimming, hiking or drinking alcohol at a party.

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